Simulated Sensitivity Improvement of Optical Receiver in Fiber Optic Network
Elechi Promise,
Orike Sunny,
Minah-Eeba Winner
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 4, August 2018
Pages:
43-51
Received:
12 September 2018
Accepted:
20 September 2018
Published:
15 October 2018
Abstract: With the increasing demand and growth in optical telecommunication networks, the sensitivity of an optical receiver become an important part of telecommunication transmission networks. The unlimited bandwidth of an optical fiber create a path for large volume of signals to flow rapidly in a fraction of a seconds. This increase in the volume of transmitted signals causes severe traffic congestion, making the receiver insensitive, prolong the signal processing time and identified bits wrongly. In this research, Optisystem 7 professional software using Erbium Doped Fiber (EDF), Avalanche photodiode (APD), Non-Return-to-Zero modulation format, optimization tool and low pass Bessel filter, CW laser, pump laser, a gain flattering filter, attenuator, Bit Error Rate Analyzer (BER) etc, was used to improve the sensitivity of the receiver. The procedure of the design was to first improve on the gain using Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA), reduce loss and propagation time and increase the signal flow. Optisystem simulation was used to determine the optimum gain and the receiver sensitivity for several values of attenuation. This research investigated and analyzed the performance of the optical receiver at a wavelength of 1550nm, optic fiber of length 100km. Simulations were made and the Bit Error Rate analyzer values taken. Several values of Q-Factor and Bit Error Rate were tabulated and the corresponding graphs plotted. There was an improvement in the gain, quality factor, the quality of signal with a low noise value and the extended transmission or propagation time was reduced. The result of the design showed an improvement in the sensitivity of the receiver.
Abstract: With the increasing demand and growth in optical telecommunication networks, the sensitivity of an optical receiver become an important part of telecommunication transmission networks. The unlimited bandwidth of an optical fiber create a path for large volume of signals to flow rapidly in a fraction of a seconds. This increase in the volume of tran...
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An Analysis of the Physical Mechanics Characteristics of a High-stacked Tailings Dam
Jingang He,
Yaxian Zhang,
Fei Yu,
Zhenshi Guo
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 4, August 2018
Pages:
52-57
Received:
30 May 2018
Accepted:
30 September 2018
Published:
29 October 2018
Abstract: From construction to operation, tailings have to go through a long period of time. With the passage of time, the early deposited tailings are gradually covered by the later deposited tailings, and the overburden on the accumulated tailings gradually increases. The different deposition time of tailings dam and the physical and mechanical characteristics of tailings in the sedimentary area are quite different, especially for high-stacked tailings dam. Therefore, it is very important to study the variation of physical and mechanical characteristics in the tailings of high-stacked tailings. In this paper, according to the early, middle and late operational stages, from 1989 to 2005, large scale drilling, in-situ testing and indoor testing were carried out on a certain upstream high pile tailings dam with a maximum thickness of 60m, 100m, and 125m. The physical and mechanical indexes of tailings were divided according to the time and place of deposition, in order to find out the changing laws of physical and mechanical characteristics of the tailings sand around 16 years ago. According to the changing law of the physical and mechanical characteristics of tailings, this paper puts forward the statistical tailings parameters according to the different deposition time and location of tailings, the research results provide reference for choosing the calculating parameters in designing and analyzing tailings dams. Its research results have been applied in the protection of the tailings dam, the tailings reservoir environment protection, and the safety hidden danger management of tailings reservoirs.
Abstract: From construction to operation, tailings have to go through a long period of time. With the passage of time, the early deposited tailings are gradually covered by the later deposited tailings, and the overburden on the accumulated tailings gradually increases. The different deposition time of tailings dam and the physical and mechanical characteris...
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